DNB-CET,AIPGMEE,FMGE,DNB-PDCET,UPSC-CMS :DOCTORS QUIZ 

 

 

WHAT CAN I DO TO PROTECT MYSELF FROM GETTING SICK ? SWINE FLU

http://www.doctorsquiz.com important topics for DNB-CET, AIPGMEE, FMGE, DNB-PDCET, UPSC-CMS online medical examination .


WHAT CAN I DO TO PROTECT MYSELF FROM GETTING SICK ?
There is no vaccine available right now to protect against swine flu. There are everyday actions that can help prevent the spread of germs that cause respiratory illnesses like influenza. Take these everyday steps to protect your health:


Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze.Throw the tissue in the trash after you use it

Wash your hands often with soap and water, especially after you cough or sneeze. Alcohol-based hand cleaners are also effective

Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth. Germs spread this way

Try to avoid close contact with sick people

THERE ARE EVERYDAY ACTIONS PEOPLE CAN TAKE TO STAY HEALTHY
Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze. Throw the tissue in the trash after you use it  

Wash your hands often with soap and water, especially after you cough or sneeze. Alcohol-based hands cleaners are also effective
 Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth. Germs spread that way

WHAT DRUGS ARE AVAILABLE FOR TREATMENT ?

Antiviral drugs for seasonal influenza are available in some countries and effectively prevent and treat the illness. There are two classes of such medicines, 1) adamantanes (amantadine and remantadine), and 2) inhibitors of influenza neuraminidase (oseltamivir and zanamivir)..

HIGH YIELD POINT FOR Swine Influenza (swine flu) 2015

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Swine Influenza (swine flu)

IT is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by type A influenza viruses (H1N1 subtype) that causes regular outbreaks in pigs. People do not normally get swine flu, but human infections can and do happen


Swine flu viruses have been reported to spread from person-to-person, but in the past, this transmission was limited and not sustained beyond three people

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS


The symptoms of swine flu in people are similar to the symptoms of regular human flu and include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue. Some people have reported diarrhea and vomiting associated with swine flu.

In the past, severe illness (pneumonia and respiratory failure) and deaths have been reported with
swine flu infection in people.
Like seasonal flu, swine flu may cause a worsening of underlying chronic medical conditions.


The symptoms of swine flu in people are similar to the symptoms of seasonal flu in humans and may include:


Fever (greater than 100°F or 37.8°C)

Sore throat

Cough

Stuffy nose

Chills

Headache and body aches Fatigue




Spread of this swine influenza A (H1N1) virus is thought to be happening in the same way that seasonal flu spreads. Flu viruses are spread mainly from person to person through coughing or sneezing of people with influenza. Sometimes people may become infected by touching something with flu viruses on it and then touching their mouth or nose.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS



Avoid live animal markets, poultry and pig farms in affected countries

Always maintain high levels of personal hygiene, especially before and after food preparation and in-out of toilets. Regular wash your hands

Cook pork thoroughly

Do not consume half-done pork

While in an affected region, seek immediate medical attention if you develop influenza-like symptoms. (High Fever, body pain, coughing and red nose)

 

HIGH YIELD POINT FOR PSM 2015

HIGH YIELD POINT FOR PSM 2015

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HIGH YIELD POINT FOR (Preventive and Social Medicine) PSM 2015

HIGH YIELD POINT FOR PSM 2015

Preventive and Social Medicine

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Peumoconiosis(usually takes 10-12 yrs to develop): 0.5-3 micron dust cause pneumoconiosis. No treatment so prevention

is the only option. Initial stages--> Disease is arrested with stoppage of exposure(not reversed)

 Silicosis: Shortest incubation period(few mth - 6yrs); involves *upper lobe, Intense nodular fibrosis--> hence

snow storm appearance on CXR, crazy paving appearence on HRCT


Asbestosis: Referred to as fibre of death; *Diffuse peribronchial fibrosis, CXR-Ground glass appearance,affects

lower 2/3;calcification of diaphragmatic pleura is characteristic;Associated cancers-Bron.Ca., GIT Cancers, Mesothelioma(M/C with crocidolite variety)--> types: pleural(more common)/peritoneum; Crysolite is safest variety

 Cotton--> Byssinosis; 1st stage called Monday fever




Latest guidelines in RNTCP:

History of 2 wk duration--> TB suspect--> Do sputum microscopy--> 2 samples required

Sputum positivity:

 1 or 2 positive--> sputum smear positive TB--> start ATT

 2 negative--> Antibiotics(FQ or Aminoglycosides:7-10 days) Improves--> Non TB

No improvement--> CXR

 Suggestive of TB--> Sputum smear negative TB--> Give ATT

 Not suggestive of TB--> HIV testing--> positive

 >200 CD4+ --> Give ATT then ART

 <200 --="" cd4=""> Give ART first
 
Q Thioacetazone is C/I as second line drug of ATT with ART

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